Port 5900: VNC

Port 5900 is VNC, a cross-platform remote desktop protocol. Base VNC is unencrypted, so tunnel it over SSH or a VPN rather than exposing it directly.

TCPRemote accessUnencrypted by defaultIANA assigned
Port number5900
ServiceVirtual Network Computing
ProtocolTCP
CategoryRemote access
Default encryptionNo
Security note. Port 5900 is not encrypted by default. Restrict it to trusted networks, or use an encrypted alternative where one exists, to avoid exposing credentials and data in transit.

How do I check whether port 5900 is open?

Port 5900 carries TCP, so a connection either completes its handshake or it does not, which makes the check definitive.

QuestionCommandWhat to know
Is it open on a remote host?nc -vz example.com 5900A TCP handshake either completes or it does not, so netcat gives a definitive answer in one line.
Same check on WindowsTest-NetConnection example.com -Port 5900Built into PowerShell. TcpTestSucceeded in the output is the answer; telnet is not installed by default on modern Windows.
What is listening locally?ss -tlnp | grep ':5900 'Lists the process bound to port 5900 on Linux. On macOS use lsof -nP -iTCP:5900 -sTCP:LISTEN, on Windows netstat -ano | findstr :5900

Replace example.com with the host you are testing. A blocked port and a port with nothing listening on it look identical from the outside, so if a service should be running, check locally before blaming the firewall.

Frequently asked questions

What is port 5900 used for?

Port 5900 is VNC, a cross-platform remote desktop protocol. Base VNC is unencrypted, so tunnel it over SSH or a VPN rather than exposing it directly.

Is port 5900 TCP or UDP?

Port 5900 (VNC) uses TCP.

Is port 5900 secure?

Port 5900 is not encrypted by default. Where possible, use an encrypted alternative or tunnel it over TLS or a VPN.

Should I open port 5900 on my firewall?

Only if you specifically need VNC. Expose it to the smallest set of trusted sources, and never open database or Windows-service ports to the whole internet.