Port 19: Chargen

Port 19 is the Character Generator Protocol, which streams a continuous sequence of characters back to the client. It is best known today as a target for UDP amplification attacks, so it should never be exposed to the internet.

TCP/UDPLegacy protocolsUnencrypted by defaultIANA assigned
Port number19
ServiceCharacter Generator Protocol
ProtocolTCP/UDP
CategoryLegacy protocols
Default encryptionNo
Security note. Port 19 is not encrypted by default. Restrict it to trusted networks, or use an encrypted alternative where one exists, to avoid exposing credentials and data in transit.

How do I check whether port 19 is open?

Port 19 carries TCP, so a connection either completes its handshake or it does not, which makes the check definitive.

QuestionCommandWhat to know
Is it open on a remote host?nc -vz example.com 19A TCP handshake either completes or it does not, so netcat gives a definitive answer in one line.
Same check on WindowsTest-NetConnection example.com -Port 19Built into PowerShell. TcpTestSucceeded in the output is the answer; telnet is not installed by default on modern Windows.
What is listening locally?ss -tlnp | grep ':19 'Lists the process bound to port 19 on Linux. On macOS use lsof -nP -iTCP:19 -sTCP:LISTEN, on Windows netstat -ano | findstr :19
Is it open on a remote host?sudo nmap -sU -p 19 example.comUDP has no handshake, so there is nothing to complete. nmap infers the state from whether an ICMP port-unreachable comes back, needs root, and is slow and easy to misread. A silent port may be open, filtered, or simply not replying to a probe it does not recognise.
What is listening locally?ss -ulnp | grep ':19 'Shows the UDP socket bound to port 19. This is the reliable way to answer the question, because you are asking the host itself rather than guessing from outside.

Replace example.com with the host you are testing. A blocked port and a port with nothing listening on it look identical from the outside, so if a service should be running, check locally before blaming the firewall.

Frequently asked questions

What is port 19 used for?

Port 19 is the Character Generator Protocol, which streams a continuous sequence of characters back to the client. It is best known today as a target for UDP amplification attacks, so it should never be exposed to the internet.

Is port 19 TCP or UDP?

Port 19 (Chargen) uses TCP/UDP.

Is port 19 secure?

Port 19 is not encrypted by default. Where possible, use an encrypted alternative or tunnel it over TLS or a VPN.

Should I open port 19 on my firewall?

Only if you specifically need Chargen. Expose it to the smallest set of trusted sources, and never open database or Windows-service ports to the whole internet.